Medical and Dental Dialogue for ESL Learners

Clinical and Dental Dialog for ESL Learners English students can rehearse clinical jargon and perusing perception with this exchange between a patient and a dental hygienist.â Dental Hygiene Dialog Sam: Hello.Gina the Dental Hygienist: Hello Mr. Waters. Im Gina. Sick be cleaning your teeth today. Sam: Dr. Peterson has recently filled two depressions. For what reason do I need a cleaning?Gina the Dental Hygienist: Well, we need to make get your teeth and gums clean and ailment free. Sam: I surmise that makes sense.​Gina the Dental Hygienist: Oral wellbeing prompts inconvenience free teeth. Sick beginning off by expelling plaque. It would be ideal if you recline and open wide. Sam: OK, I trust its not very bad.Gina the Dental Hygienist: Everybody gets plaque, regardless of whether they floss normally. That is the reason its essential to come in two times every year for registration. Sam: (getting his teeth cleaned, cant say much...)Gina the Dental Hygienist: OK, if it's not too much trouble take a beverage and wash. Sam: Ah, that is better.Gina the Dental Hygienist: OK, presently Ill apply some fluoride. Which flavor would you like? Sam: I have a choice?Gina the Dental Hygienist: Sure, we have mint, spearmint, orange or air pocket gum - that is for the children. Sam: Id like to have the air pocket gum!Gina the Dental Hygienist: OK. (applies fluoride) Now, let me give your teeth a last flossing. Sam: What sort of floss tape do you recommend?Gina the Dental Hygienist: Personally, I like the level tape. Its simpler to get between the teeth. Sam: OK, Ill recollect that whenever I purchase floss. How regularly should I floss?Gina the Dental Hygienist: Everyday! Two times per day if conceivable! A few people like to floss after each supper, however that is not totally important. Sam: (subsequent to completing the cleaning) I feel vastly improved. Express gratitude toward you.Gina the Dental Hygienist: My pleasure. Have a wonderful day, and make sure to floss each day - at any rate once every day! Key Vocabulary to clean someones teethdental hygienistto fill cavitiesgumsdisease freeoral healthto lead toplaqueto evacuate plaqueto flosscheck-upto rinsefluorideto apply fluorideflavorflossingfloss tapefloss after dinners

Landscape in the Classic Western

The article â€Å"Landscape in the Western Classic content: Landscape in the Classic Hollywood Western† by Stanley Solomon centers around the focal case that scene is conclusive to the film classification of Western, characterizing both plot and portrayal. In the first place, the seriousness of the infertile scene against which the plot of Western motion pictures rotates recommends that the characters in the film either must be rough or liable to fall prey to progressively tough ones. Barely populated rustic spots take into account the obvious differentiation between a fair gathering of residents with nearby sheriff as their pioneer and a posse of corrupt hoodlums. Since the scene is obvious and clear, so are the characters and their ethical attributes. The equivalent is valid for forcefully portrayed codes of conduct that must be gotten a handle on by the two hoodlums and heroes. The serious normal and human conditions, wherein the characters of the Western need to act, create aptitudes pivotal to endurance, incorporating â€Å"competence despite peril, mental fortitude, assurance, and endurance† (Solomon 1976). The danger by and large comes not from nature that, for all its mercilessness, is reasonable and unsurprising in its dangers, yet from human scoundrels. The battle among good and unethical characters is the foundation of the plot. An impossible to miss condition frequently educates a great deal concerning the women’s job. The majority of female characters, precisely like men, ought to have quality of character and basic instincts that are gazed upward to by men. Simultaneously, ladies bring a refining impact to motion pictures, supporting the estimation of human life. Western motion pictures regularly call for bits of knowledge into the past of the character, rather than urban films where the accentuation is on the pulsating present of the city life. A Western character shows up at the scene a develop man, molded by his past encounters, that regularly include some permanent disaster. Understanding a character’s past is basic, despite the fact that data of it is frequently introduced as a negligible indication. â€Å"The interrelationships of scene, portrayal, and the past† structure the focal point of the Western kind (Solomon 1976). Reference index Solomon, Stanley. Past Formula: American Film Genres. 1976.  Â

5 Gadgets to Improve Night Sleep

5 Gadgets to Improve Night Sleep Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!5 Gadgets to Improve Night SleepUpdated On 17/03/2017Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : Gadgets GizmosShort URL : http://hbb.me/2mzz4Ht CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogSleep is an important part of the rhythm of our life and well being. Many of us are deprived of a good night’s sleep. The reason for it may vary from person to person, but the problem here is that lack of quality sleep can result in a lot of chronic health problems and affect your cognitive abilities and emotional state.For years, technology has been blamed for the lack of sleep or sleeping disorders in many people. The excess usage of Smartphones, laptops and tablets has made it difficult to achieve sleep. Over the years, scientists have tried to reverse the negative trend by using technology to help people get better sleep. Even though there is no technology out there that can force you to go and sleep, there are technologies that can help you get sound sleep. Let’s look at the top 5 trending gadgets that can improve your sleep at night.Top 5 Trending Sleep Improving GadgetsNuyu Sleep System: How about having an electric blanket for your bedroom? The Nuyu Sleep System is more than an electric blanket. You can keep this device under your bed and it will make sure the temperature on your bed is just above normal so that you and your partner get a good night’s sleep.The Nuyu Sleep System when connected will slowly warm your mattress slightly so that a natural temperature is maintained that leads you to fall asleep. It then cools down so that you don’t remain restless throughout the night. Just as the sun begins to rise, the Nuyu Sleep System starts increasing the temperature so that you can wake up comfortably from your sleep. The Nuyu Sleep System is ideal for people who are deprived of sleep at night. The Nuyu system is also ideal for those who have temperature related aller gies.If your mattress is very old and needs replacement, read the reviews in BestMattressBrand before buying the best mattress for your family.Withings Aura: Withings Aura is for those who feel lethargic and dull when getting up from the bed. Withings Aura is an intelligent alarm clock that energizes your morning with a mix of pleasant light and customized music. Having the look of a beautifully designed lamp, Withings Aura provides a stimulated sunrise that ensures you wake up slowly and comfortably. The customized playlist allows you to set your favorite music to listen to while waking up from your sleep. During the night, Withings Aura produces optimized color schemes that promote sleep hormones in your brain and allow you to sleep peacefully.READThe Benefits of Computer RentalBedjet DualZone: How about an air conditioner system for your mattress? Bedjet DualZone works like an air conditioner that keeps one part of your mattress warm and the other part cold depending upon the pre ferences of the people lying on it. You can install Bedjet on any mattress and it starts working its magic once it is on. The app that comes with the device allows you to set the temperature according to your liking just like you set the volume of your television set. Bedjet is a perfect solution for those who cannot sleep due to temperature issues.FitSleep: FitSleep is another device that produces alpha waves that pushes you to sleep well at night. FitSleep has a monitoring device that is small enough to connect near your pillow so that it can efficiently record your heart rate, body movements, respiratory movements and sleeping patterns. FitSleep starts emitting 0-13 Hz waves that ensures you switch from a little sleep to deep sleep quickly. FitSleep is an ideal gadget for those who always have trouble getting deep sleep at night.Sleep Shepherd: Sleep Shepherd is a sleep device that is similar to the cap that you wear when you go for a shower. Sleep Shepherd makes your brain settl e down, slow down and fall asleep. The customized binaural beats guide your brain to sleep in a personalized way. It not only allows you to sleep well but also monitors your sleeping pattern so that you always have a record to analyze.

Cell Phone And Radiation Issues - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1627 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/10/31 Category Technology Essay Level High school Tags: Cell Phone Essay Did you like this example? In the society we are living in today, there has been numerous development of technology to help us in our everyday lives. The most recognizable form of technology   is called cell phones, one of the many technological advances most used today. We have become dependent on mobile phones and   a high percentage of the population including elderly people, young adults and even kids that are under 18 has one of these devices. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Cell Phone And Radiation Issues" essay for you Create order Smartphones are a constant in everyday society, its so addicting that it becomes nearly impossible for us to even put it down for more than a second. The number of active mobile devices crossed over somewhere around the 7.22 billion mark. That being said,   67 percent of the population is dependent on cell phones. There are numerous advantages and disadvantages related to cell phones. On one hand, cell phones let users communicate for emergencies, businesses, and lets us keep personal information in one place. On the other hand, the usage of cell phones has become addictive to people   around the world and the abuse of hours on them can cause health hazards. Cell phones give off a form of energy known as radiofrequency (RF) waves. Radiation can releases out an energy from any source. An example of radiation is the light that comes from the sun and the heat that is constantly coming off our bodies. Cell phones have to emit a small amount of radiation just to function. They emit signals through radio waves that are made up of radio-frequency (RF) energy, which is a form of electromagnetic radiation. Large doses of radio waves can impact our health and body. The problem with todays society is that people are unaware of   the harm cell phones actually have on us. All cell phones have some sort of information that says Dont keep the phone in your pocket. But this central information is in a hidden section where most people would never notice or bother looking at. Phone companies should aler t and notify their users about the risk of radiation before purchasing the phone. Furthermore, there are tremendous amount of sponsored research that are hired to study to find no effect on cell phone having any serious health hazard. 1.The radiation of the phone can cause breast cancer, and the risk of harming kids and adults brain. 2. Cell phones towers also has a great amount of exposure on our health.   Ã‚   Cell phone exposure to kids and teens can lead to a significant relationship to childhood emotional problems. The use of cell phones can affect teenage behavior in many ways, it can change the persons attitude and their way of life. Teens are using their cell phones way too much and putting their mental health at risk. National surveys   are showing that kids today are more anxious than ever before, with spiking rates of depression and suicide(Ungar). This just shows one of the few impacts cell phones can have on teens. Using too much cell phone can also cause teengers and even full grown adults to be isolated from reality and even cause anxiety. Cell phone is a future that every household has, we depend on it for every small things we do.   In America alone, there are estimated of 400 million user who uses their cell phone over two hours per day. Little does the mobile users know the danger of radiation or cell phones in general. Every phone has a section that talks about the risk of RF radiation. For example, on Iphone you can find this information by going to setting, clicking About, General, and you will finally see the warning about RF exposure. Phone companies should alert their users at least once a year warning them about the risk of the exposure and how you can prevent it. Australia send its customers texts regularly to inform them about the risk of RF. This constantly lets the users know the danger of using cell phones. Cell phone companies and tobacco companies have one thing in common. Tobacco companies internally acknowledged that secondhand smoke is hazardous to nonsmokers, yet still gave false and misleading public statements denying the fact. They will deny this fact to keep the tobacco business running smoothly. This is the same method cell phone companies uses to hide the most significant informations from the consumers. Furthermore, Microwave Ovens have the same frequency as cell phones the only difference is the power. Microwaves, cell phones, wifi monitors, and even baby monitors have the same frequencies the only difference is the power(Davis). The power of the frequency is what heats up the phone and can cause harm to our bodies in a way that causes brain tumors or other tumors in the head and neck area. The most common way this can happen is by putting the phone right near your head for a long amount of time. Dr. Devra Davis, President of Environmental Health Trust (2015), implies that, when the phone rings, its the worst time to put the phone next to your head when you answer it and say hello because thats when the phone is on maximum power. National cancer institute also claims that study found that when people had an active cell phone held up to their ear for 50 minutes, brain tissues on the same side of the head as the phone used more glucose than did tissues on the other side of the brain. Glucose is a sugar that serves the brains fuel. .Keeping cell phones directly near your body can cause breast cancer. The two-way microwave radiation makes the soft fatty tissues of the breast absorb the radiation. This occurs when females store their cell phones in their bra. Cell phone microwave radiation seeds directly into soft fatty tissue of the breast(Davis). There are many more biological damages that is caused by radiation to human body. Another example is that cell phone radiation can cause problems with salivary gland tumor, dizziness, migraines, and poor sleep(Diana).   There is numerous studies that has been done that shows cell phone radiation is actually harmful for our body. In 2015 a French study was done that showed the brain EEG pattern was being altered by cell phone radiation. A   2013 Italian study shows that mobile phone demonstrated significant changes in brain activity when it was persuade by 45 minutes exposure to GSM mobile   phone. A 2011 Australian study showed an effect of acute 2G and 3G exposure on human cognitive functions(wang). Additionally, most people most people believe that the exposure of a child and an exposure of an adult is identical. However thats a false assumption due to the development of a full grown adult brains and a childs brain. Because of the children head being smaller the radiation will always absorb more than a full grown adult. According to a study that was done in 2010, it claims that cell phones harms a childs brain quicker than an adult. In general and on average, children suffer a higher exposure of their brain regions than adults(Hannah). This is because children have symmetrical smaller heads and brains, yet they receive the same amount of radiation as adults. When cell phones are being   used by children, the average RF energy level is two times higher in the brain compared with mobile phones used by adults. Another study shows that people who starts using cell phone before the age of twinity has a higher risk of developing brain tumors. Kids or teens absorb the radiation in a higher pace because their brain tissues are more absorbent and their skulls are thinner which caused the radiation to danger the kids health in a faster rate than adults. A researcher from India found that cell phone users who were on the phone for more than sixty minutes a day over four years experienced damage to the DNA an d in forty percent of their cells. This clearly shows that parents should prevent their kids from using cell phone on the daily bases for hours. In this generation cell phone radiation is not the only eye opener. Cell phones towers have many negative effects on our health. We are exposed to 100 million times more electromagnetic radiation than our previous generation and part of this reason is because radiation from cell phone towers. Cell phone towers emit high frequency microwaves or radio wave , that can travel as far as 45 miles. The closer you are to the tower, the greater the danger you have on your health. The microwaves that the cell phones tower releases can interfere with your body. Some of the health problems includes, cancer, birth defects, Headaches, memory loss, and low sperm count. Many countries already took a stand to ban cell powers towers to be located near big cities. For example, in 2013 Indians Supreme Court upheld Rajasthan State Court decision to remove all cell towers from the vicinity of schools, hospitals and playgrounds because of radiation hazardous to life(Davis). This decreases the chances of getting exposed to the radiation. Cell phone towers are used get users to get connected Wifi, wireless LANS, bluetooth supported devices and many more. Sometimes you might notice a cell phone tower installed on the top of   a building, people might think installing a cell phone tower on the top of the building will decrease the chances of getting exposed. However, the only bright side of having a tower on a high surface is having a better signal. Mobile towers are particularly dangerous because they emit microwaves at a frequency of 1900mhz. What is MHz? MHz is used to measure the transmission speed of electronic devices like television channels.There was a study done that shows the intense radioactivity from mobile phone towers unfavorably impacts every biological organism in our body within one square kilometer.

Sanford Dole, Lawyer Helped Make Hawaii a US Territory

Sanford Dole was a lawyer who was largely responsible for bringing Hawaii into the United States as a territory in the 1890s. Dole helped overthrow the Hawaiian monarchy and served for several years as president of the Hawaiian Republic, an independent government of the islands. The campaign to establish Hawaii as an American territory was backed by sugar planters and other business interests. After being thwarted during the administration of Grover Cleveland, Dole and his allies found a more welcome reception following the election of William McKinley. Hawaii became an American territory in 1898. Fast Facts: Sanford Dole Full Name: Sanford Ballard DoleBorn: April 23, 1844 in Honolulu HawaiiDied: June 9, 1926 in Honolulu, HawaiiKnown For: Lawyer known for working in the 1890s to bring Hawaii into the United States. Served as only president of the independent Republic of Hawaii and first governor of the Territory of Hawaii.Parents: Daniel Dole and Emily Hoyt BallardSpouse: Anna Prentice Cate Early Life and Career Sanford Ballard Dole was born April 23, 1844, in Hawaii, the son of missionaries who had been assigned to educate native people. Dole grew up in Hawaii and attended college in the island before traveling to the United States and enrolling in Williams College in Massachusetts. He studied law and practiced the profession briefly in Boston before returning to Hawaii. Dole set up a law practice in Honolulu and began to get involved in politics. In 1884, he was elected to the Hawaiian legislature, which operated under a monarchy. In 1887, Dole became involved in a rebellion against the Hawaiian king, David Kalakaua. The king was forced to sign away much of his power at gunpoint. The new constitution, which placed most power in a legislature, became known as the Bayonet Constitution, as it had been put in place by threats of violence. Following the rebellion, Dole was appointed to the Hawaiian Supreme Court. He served as a judge on the court until 1893. Revolutionary Leader In 1893, the successor of King David Kalakaua, Queen Lilioukalani, resisted restraints put upon the monarchy by the 1887 constitution, which heavily favored the interests of white businessmen. As the queen sought to restore the monarchy to its earlier power, she was deposed by a coup. In the aftermath of the coup against Queen Lilioukalani, Sanford Dole became the head of the revolutionary provisional government which replaced the monarchy. An obvious goal of the new government was to have Hawaii brought into the United States. A front-page article in the New York Times on January 29, 1893 provided details on the revolution, and mentioned that the newly installed government wanted to be admitted to the United States as a territory. Joining the United States Grover Cleveland’s return as president in 1893 (he began serving the second of his two non-consecutive terms) complicated matters. Cleveland was offended by the coup that deposed the Hawaiian king, especially when an investigation determined that U.S. Marines had been involved, operating without any official orders from Washington. In President Cleveland’s view, the Hawaiian monarchy should be restored. That changed when emissaries from Washington, while seeking to bring the queen back to power, could not get her to forgive the revolutionaries. After relations with the queen broke down, the Cleveland administration eventually recognized the Republic of Hawaii on July 4, 1894. Sanford Dole served as the first and only president of the Republic of Hawaii, holding the office from 1894 to 1900. A focus of his attention was to get the United States to adopt a treaty which would make Hawaii an American territory. Doles task became easier when William McKinley, who was more sympathetic to the idea of Hawaii as an American territory, became president in 1897. Dole continued advocating for Hawaii to join the U.S., and in January 1898, he traveled to Washington, D.C., to meet government officials. After sailing to San Francisco, Dole and his wife embarked on a cross-country railroad journey. His travels became front-page news in cities he visited along the way. He was portrayed as President Dole, a respected foreign leader from an exotic location who also carried himself as a typical American politician. Arriving by train in Washington, Dole was greeted at Union Station by members of McKinleys cabinet. President McKinley called upon Dole at his hotel. A few days later, Dole and his wife were guests of honor at a formal White House dinner. In a number of newspaper interviews Dole was careful to always say he was not lobbying for his cause but merely answering any questions federal officials might have about Hawaii and its desires to join the United States. In the summer of 1898, Hawaii was admitted to the United States as a territory, and Dole’s position as president of the independent republic came to an end. Dole was widely recognized as one of the leading citizens of Hawaii. In 1898, a San Francisco newspaper published a feature on Hawaii joining the United States, and it prominently featured Dole. Though the move toward becoming a U.S. territory had been long and complicated, motivated by business interests and often accompanied by threats of force, Dole put a good face on it. He said Hawaii joining the U.S. was the result of natural growth. Territorial Government President McKinley appointed Dole to be the first territorial governor of Hawaii. He served in that post until 1903, when President Theodore Roosevelt appointed him to be a judge of the U.S. district court. Dole accepted the post, and left politics to return to the law. He served as a judge until 1915. In his later life, Dole was revered as one of Hawaiis most prominent citizens. He died in Hawaii in 1926. Sources: Dole, Sanford Ballard. Gale Encyclopedia of American Law, edited by Donna Batten, 3rd ed., vol. 3, Gale, 2010, pp. 530-531. Gale Virtual Reference Library.Hawaii. Gale Encyclopedia of U.S. Economic History, edited by Thomas Carson and Mary Bonk, vol. 1, Gale, 1999, pp. 422-425. Gale Virtual Reference Library.Joint Resolution to Provide for Annexing the Hawaiian Islands to the United States. American Eras: Primary Sources, edited by Rebecca Parks, vol. 1: Development of the Industrial United States, 1878-1899, Gale, 2013, pp. 256-258. Gale Virtual Reference Library.

William Shakespeare s Macbeth And Lady Macbeth - 965 Words

Kurtis Brown Due Date: 11-30-15 Mrs. Dranoff 2nd Per. An individual subconscious could be influenced directly by their desires, goals, and ambitions. The human brain is powerful, yet so deceiving: a person could be influenced unconsciously to perform morally wrong actions that lead to his or her downfall. The characters Macbeth and Lady Macbeth from the tragic book â€Å"Macbeth† demonstrates how influential the subconscious could be. â€Å"The Monster† that is depicted in Eminem song illuminates both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth’s subconscious. The first chorus of â€Å"The Monster† by Eminem, resembles Macbeth’s subconscious, â€Å"I’m friends with the monster†¦ Get along with the voices inside of my head.† Lady Macbeth’s voices are inside Macbeth’s head and they’re beginning to influence Macbeth’s actions. This is shown when Lady Macbeth realizes that she has the ability to be manipulative. In Act 1, Scene 5 she mentioned,†Glamis thou art, and Cawdor , and shalt be What thou art promised. Yet do I fear thy nature; It is too full o’th’ milk of human kindness To catch the nearest way. Thou wouldst be great, Art not without ambition, but without The illness should attend it†, her remarks shows her belief that having manhood is defined by murder. During Act 1, Scene 7, the murder scene, Lady Macbeth was able to successfully persuade Macbeth to murder Duncan by insulting his manhood, â€Å"Are thou afeard To be the same in thine own act and valor As thou art in desire?† Now since heShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth And Lady Macbeth Essay1619 Words   |  7 PagesFew couples in theatre can match the incessantly devoted yet poisonous marriage Macbeth and his wife share. Lady Macbeth and Macbeth’s combined ruthlessness allows them to climb to the top but also leads them to their deaths. Shakespeare creates a vision of Scotland where reality and dreams, the natural and supernatural, and the masculine and feminine constantly ebb into each other. Macbeth possesses remnants of the Renaissance’s interest in humanism and psychological exploration, leading to someRead MoreLady Macbeth: A Disturbed Character in William Shakespeare ´s Macbeth1467 Words   |  6 PagesThrough Lady Macbeths opening soliloquy in Act 1 Scene 5 she spontaneously gets portrayed as a disturbed character due to her treacherous and murderous planning she establishes after receiving the letter from Macbeth. This is noticeable when she says â€Å"the raven himself is hoarse that croaks the fatal entrances of Duncan under my battements† this signify that Lady Macbeth is steadfast to kill Duncan as she is aware that there is no other appropriate place to end Duncan then her own castle as no oneRead MoreThe Fall Of A King893 Words   |  4 PagesThe Fall of a King (An Analysis of why Macbeth became Mad and Corrupt) In life there are many things that influence the lives of people on a day to day basis. This can be anything from a small incident that happens on the daily.Or one rather large incident that has an enormous impact on them and influenced them to make further irrational decisions. It also doesn’t have to be a large event, but a sequence of events done by them, but influenced by others words and judgement. An excellent exampleRead More The Cause of Macbeths Destruction in William Shakespeares Macbeth1062 Words   |  5 PagesDestruction in William Shakespeares Macbeth      Ã‚   In William Shakespeares Macbeth, Macbeth was a well-respected man of noble birth, but his fortune was reversed after he turned to darkness. He plummeted endlessly into a chasm of evil until his corrupt life was ended on the edge of Macduffs blade. Whose actions opened up the path of darkness to Macbeth? Whose actions led to Macbeths demise? The answer is threefold. The weird sisters set Macbeths fate into motion. Lady Macbeth goaded herRead MorePortrayal Of Women During The Elizabethan Period1656 Words   |  7 Pagescharacters in Macbeth by William Shakespeare, the Elizabethan period had a lack of respect for women, but Shakespeare changed it by having powerful, strong and independent female characters, like Lady Macbeth. Throughout history, women have not had the same amount of right and respect as the men. â€Å"Women were regarded as ‘the weaker sex’, not just in terms of physical strength, but emotionally too† (Sharnette). According to Shakespeare’s World/Stage, â€Å"During the time of William Shakespeare, the majorityRead MoreThe Tragic Hero Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1724 Words   |  7 Pages His definition of tragedy applies to William Shakespeare s play Macbeth. The play is about a hero who reaches a high position in the play and then falls because of his choices. Macbeth is a tragic hero according to Aristotle s aspects that make a tragedy. Macbeth is neither a villain nor a perfect character, he appears in the play in a high stature, he starts to make multiple mistakes and due to his actions, he causes his downfall. First of all, Macbeth is neither a villain nor a perfect heroRead MoreAnalysis Of Wuthering Heights 1398 Words   |  6 PagesIn the play Macbeth written by William Shakespeare, Lady Macbeth is the most famous woman character. She is stronger, more ambitious and ruthless than her husband. Lady Macbeth pushed her husband , Macbeth to betray and kill King Duncan of Scotland. The theme of destructive love within relationships in Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Bronte’ s Wuthering Heights is presented through sexism, jealousy , and betrayal. Sexism is portrayed in many ways in the novel wuthering Heights. Catherine s character canRead MoreWho Should You Trust?1543 Words   |  7 PagesTrust Issue in Macbeth â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair. Hover through the fog and filthy air.† (Page 323). This line is one of the most important ones from Macbeth. Macbeth is one the most popular plays by William Shakespeare. Moss and Wilson state, â€Å"Some details of William Shakespeare s life are still shrouded in uncertainty. What is known is that he rose to prominence as a playwright in London toward the end of the sixteenth century and that he died on April 23, 1616. He wrote Macbeth sometime betweenRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth 1363 Words   |  6 PagesMacbeth is without a doubt one of the most captivating plays, in my opinion written by William Shakespeare. Throughout this play there is definitely a numerous amount of things that can catch your attention, whether it is a trio of witches appearing, committing murder, or keeping secrets. However, what really catches my attention is the way Shakespeare uses language and unique style to create a distinct mood, and reveal char acters’ inner thoughts. In the play Macbeth written by William ShakespeareRead MoreLady Macbeth By William Shakespeare1520 Words   |  7 PagesLady Macbeth was not evil she was misunderstood Claim thou art, and Cawdor and shalt be what thou art promised. (Quote) In many of his plays, William Shakespeare portrays women as more virtuous than men. Lady Macbeth, strong ambitious women who’s confidence, faithful and capable of almost anything. For example, in endless love, we notice the endless love they both share for each other, where fate still brought them back together even after all the influences affecting jade’s life, the overpowering

Healthy Eating, Nutrition, and Excerising free essay sample

Nutrition and fitness are two important components what when worked on together, provide the body with the nutrients and physical activity necessary to maintain the optimal weight for your body type and just for an overall stronger, healthier body. A realistic nutrition and exercise plan is key to creating healthy habits that you can actually stick with. There are many tips that can be used to develop a nutrition and exercise plan that will help you stick with the plan long term. One tip is to consider your current lifestyle and to try and find a fitness exercise program and diet that will work into your routine. To do this you can map out your daily schedule and look for spots in your schedule that could allow for a regular fitness program. For some, that time could be before or after work. Another tip is to develop healthy goals. Developing those goals will help you to design a nutrition and exercise program that can help you meet those goals more efficiently. We will write a custom essay sample on Healthy Eating, Nutrition, and Excerising or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For some people, that could be developing a weight loss program that includes a low-calorie diet paired with a fat-burning exercise in order to lose weight. Knowing why you want or need to develop a nutrition and exercise plan will make it easier for you to develop a customized plan that will help you reach your goals. You can also plan your meals ahead of time so that you are not having to go to the store or a fast food restaurant at the last minute. You can choose several different healthy recipes that you and your family enjoy and rotate those meals throughout the week. Around ten recipes should be good to keep the variety. You should also vary your workouts and nutrition plan in order to prevent boredom. Creating more than one workout program will allow for variety in your routine which will help to keep your interest in the program. This can be done by switching between anaerobic and aerobic exercises. This variety will also provide for a more thorough overall workout. The final tip is to keep your changes small. If you work in more healthy nutrition and fitness habits gradually, the changes in your routine will not overwhelm you. This can be done by implementing a fitness exercise program that is only 20 minutes long and then gradually increasing that time each week as the daily exercise becomes a habit. You can also make nutritional changes by switching one unhealthy food with a re nutritious one. This can be done until you have replaced most of your food choices with healthy options. Another important tip to remember is to speak with your doctor before making any changes to your nutrition or exercise program, you want to make sure that any plan you establish is going to meet your specific needs and is going to be safe for you. In comparing my results on the three day analysis from the Super Tracker on week one to week nine, my nutritional habits have not changed much. I exercise on a regular basis and I try to watch the foods I eat. One only key changes I have made to meet the recommendations from the tracker is to take vitamin supplements. I have started doing this to make sure that my body is receiving all of the vitamins it needs on a daily basis. Even though I already have a pretty good nutrition and exercise plan, there are a few goals I have to assist me in optimizing my good health. One nutritional goal is to increase my water intake. I typically drink water while at work but I often drink soda while at home. In order to reach this goal I will have to stop purchasing soda at the grocery store and replace it with low calorie, low sugar drinks. By not having soda conveniently in my home, I will be more likely to drink healthier options such as water. My second nutritional goal is to track the foods I eat. Tracking the food I consume will help to make sure that I am getting the proper amount of fruits, vegetables, grains, and dairy. To meet this goal I will begin to write down everything I eat throughout the day. I have some physical exercise goals as well. One physical exercise goal is to become more active on a regular basis. I currently workout three days a week and I would like to increase that to at least five days a week. Another physical exercise goal I have for myself is to increase the intensity of my workouts. I currently only do light to moderate workouts. I think increasing the intensity of my workouts will help burn more calories and be able to maintain a healthier weight. I am sure that in implementing these changes that I will come across some difficulties and setbacks. One setback I anticipate is not remembering to write down what I have eaten. I plan to overcome this by taking pictures of what I eat and by keeping a food journal on my phone. I always have my phone with me and I think it will be easier for me keep track of what I have eaten. Another setback I anticipate is not working out as often as I would like. I work out as often as I do now because it is what my schedule allows. In order for me to increase the number of days I exercise I will have to make sure that I make the time available on a weekly basis. Due to the unpredictable weather where I live, it is best to participate in physical exercise that can be done indoors. If I do not follow through with these plans, I risk developing an illness like diabetes because it is a condition that runs in my family. Diabetes is a condition that affects how your body uses blood glucose. One of the main causes of diabetes is being overweight. The symptoms include extreme hunger, fatigue, frequent urination, and increased thirst. Diabetes does have some complications that are associated with it. Some complications are nerve damage, cardiovascular disease, eye damage, and foot damage. One of the main ways to manage diabetes is to maintain a healthy weight through a healthy diet and exercise plan. If I continue to stick with the exercise and diet plan I have made for myself, I am sure that I will be able to reach my goal weight and maintain it. I will also be able to reduce my risks of developing certain diseases that run in my family such as high blood pressure, diabetes, stroke, high cholesterol, and heart disease. I know that as I get older and other circumstances arise I will have to make modifications to my plan but I do believe that I will be able to stick with these changes for many years to come.

Tecumseh Essays - Shawnee People, Tecumseh, Indiana In The War

Tecumseh and the Quest for Indian Leadership By: R. David Edmunds Luke Adair His 101 Mr. Jack McKnight Tecumseh was the fifth child born into the family in 1768. Tecumseh always the leader springboards into the position of War Chief, in which he leads many battles and defenses for the Shawnee tribe. Europeans settled in North America, claiming land that was never theirs to claim. The British initially making a deal to protect the Indians went back on it when a battle broke out in which many Shawnee fled the battlegrounds to a British Fort, where they were not allowed inside for protection. On August 3rd, the Indians signed a treaty calling for them to remain at peace, relinquish all the prisoners, and give up the land in the southern, eastern, and central Ohio. In return the United States gave the Indians trade goods, valued from $5,000 to $10,000. The Shawnees lives were simple and they were spiritual people. The role of men and women is very simple; the men are the hunters and warriors. While the women are used as the housekeepers, clothe makers, and kept the families close. In the Spring/Summer months the main two projects are to farm and to re-build the villages. In the Fall/Winter months they do hunting, allowing them to feed the family. By the early 1800s the Indian life became much more difficult. The white hunters wiped out most of the wildlife, forcing the Indians to start using more modern, white man, ways of hunting. The British finally agreed to a farming agreement and sent William Kirk in 1807 on a mission to Wapakoneta, where they set up farming for the Indians and British. The mission was a success, but in the long run did damage to the Shawnees ways of life. Lalwethika is Tecumsehs brother that is disliked by many people. Leading Lalwethika to drink such an abundance of alcohol that he passed out and fell into a deep trance, later that day several other Shawnee members found his body in the wigwam. They pronounced him dead. After this he woke from his trance he was known as Tenskwatawa, and was looked upon differently. The Prophet, as he was also known, gave the tribe a new faith. The Americans and British knew they were nearing a war; therefore the Americans made sure the Indians would not side with the British. Tecumseh ended up giving a three hour-long speech where he stated that there would be no further advancement by the Whites. Throughout the years, things became much more difficult for the Shawnee to survive at the village site. Thus they decide to movie further west for better protection and food source. After the Treaty of Fort Wayne is where Tecumseh becomes known as more of a leader than just The Prophets Brother. After several meetings Tecumseh warns the British not to meddle with intertribal politics or a war will result. Later in a meeting with Harrison he stated Tecumseh is The Moses of The Family. The next few months were brutal on the Shawnee tribe. Tecumseh went to meet with the British demanding the food and ammunition promised. Harrison had information making him believe that the Indians were going to be rebellious. Harrison sent troops into the Wabash area, Tecumseh found out before arrived and ambushed the sleeping troops, planning to kill Harrison. The plan did not succeed because they were discovered before they got to the troops; the battle lasted for several hours. Just before dawn the Indians retreated, as a result ending the Battle of Tippecanoe. All was quarrels were eventually settled, Tecumseh and Harrisons friendship was still intact. A British leader named Brock and Tecumseh join together in taking the American fort in Detroit. Tecumseh and Brock succeed in what seems to be an easy victory in Detroit as Americans surrender. Brock and Tecumseh create a strong friendship, until Brock is summands to Niagara to lead a counterattack against the Americans, during this attack Brock loses his life. Tecumseh, considered the bravest of the brave and the greatest Indian, was killed in the Battle of Thames. Colonel Richard M. Johnson claimed that he is the one man that single handedly shot Tecumseh. Although many believe that Johnson truly was the one that

Impacts of globalization on strategies of international businesses

Impacts of globalization on strategies of international businesses Introduction Globalization is a reference often used by a lot of people and is defined in various ways. It means the rising fusion of the globe’s trade and Industry order by way of cutback of such hurdles to global business as levies, export charges and import rations. The aim is to add to material affluence, commodities and services by way of an intercontinental sharing out of effort through good organization(s) enhanced by global associations, specialism and contention (Chapman, 2009, p. 27).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Impacts of globalization on strategies of international businesses specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It depicts the means through which area financial systems, civilizations, and customs have turned out to be incorporated by way of communication, haulage, and doing business. The reference is for the most part directly linked with the reference economic globalization. This refers to the ama lgamation of state-run financial systems into the intercontinental economy by way f buying and selling, overseas direct venture, resources flows, migration, the broadening of expertise, and armed forces being there. Nevertheless, globalization is normally made out as being caused by a blend of financial, scientific, socio-cultural, opinionated and organic features. The reference can also point to the worldwide flow of initiatives, lingos, or popular culture by way of assimilation. A feature of the globe that has undergone the course can be said to be globalized. As a result globalization, it is imperative that businesses and various other ventures have to alter their way of doing things so as to stay afloat or survive in the marketplace. This means that they need to rethink their strategies in order to incorporate the reality of globalization. International marketplaces and especially the surfacing ones present lucrative prospects (Hanksworth Cookson, 2010). For a lot of businesses it is the single front for advancement as subsisting marketplaces get established with a small number of opportunities for lucrative chances. As international markets develop by way of the rising use of the World Wide Web and with enhanced delivery chains, it is probable that there are a lot of unexploited sectors around the globe that would open to a transnational firm, in spite of the trade. Progressively, the globe is turning out to be an accessible international business place. To stop production, selling, and offering services at one’s home-base boundaries is not just whimsical, but also ill-judged. Intercontinental marketing and existence is mostly characterized majorly in conditions of the echelon of participation of the firm in the worldwide marketplace, and sell overseas, transnational and worldwide marketing are most extensively mulled over. As a result, these are the major areas in which the strategies of any international venture or one that aims to go that way n eed to ponder over.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Globalization and global marketing Local and even multinational firms need to build up global selling tactics as globalization becomes enhanced the more so as to perk up business performance by way of augmentation and reinforcing their cut-throat advantage. There needs to be crafted various tactics for various markets in order to have a feel of these markets. The various strategies as well assist the firm have an improved consideration of the way in which the various markets work. The various markets are vital as they assist in presenting to the firm the ways and features of the markets and as a result the firm can be in a position to change in the altered surroundings (Gordon, 2004, p. 36). Coming up with various tactics will assist any firm in making certain that it stumbles upon minor difficulties while embarki ng on a new market. Through employing various tactics the firm will not have given anything that will give it more setbacks. The strategies that firms will use in this case will have to bear in mind the kind of environment in which they conduct business. For instance, in urbanized nations it is to some extent easier to get in as they normally have totally up to date infrastructure, supply and various other aspects, which are the helping features. The case is not the same in developing economies. In such cases the strategies will have to be a bit different from the ones employed in developed nations. A more bendable advance is called for; reason being that in such set ups there tends to be more of resentment of their state privileges and less sophisticated in their infrastructure. All that the strategists of various businesses willing to conduct their trade in such set ups need to know is that the sales prospects of such areas are pretty sizable. Such markets can be exploited product ively so long as the business is prepared to find its feet. Globalization has had and will continue influencing the strategies of international businesses as has been observed by business experts since 2006. It has been seen that the most flourishing intercontinental ventures are assertively building their universal strategies around given theses, failure of which they risk losing out to their competitors. Strategies have to change due to the greater than before market contact due to the opening up of markets in places such as China and Europe (Bhagwati, 2004, p. 41). There needs to be aggression in marketing and the services and commodities offered need not to run out at crucial times. Still on the global markets and their prospects, crafted strategies have to bear in mind the greater than before market chances. These are as a result of the exemption of lots of markets, such as the monetary market and denationalization of state-owned utilities. New tactics have got to ensure homoge ny of business standards in order to remain relevant. For instance, this is highly encouraged by the European Union. As a result, businesses out to venture into this region have to at least meet the set standards at the minimum. Another shift in strategy for international businesses in the face of globalization is in the obtaining of commodities, components and services from a broader array of countries, especially those up-and-coming markets with a far above the ground proportion of expertise to cost.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Impacts of globalization on strategies of international businesses specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For instance, it will be more lucrative to invest in a place where there is cheap and available labor for labor-intensive firms. Businesses that hope to remain afloat have to shift to more internationally standardized commodities and services, especially in sectors of new-fangled expertis e. This is due to the high rate of adoption of latest trends and equipment. As a matter of fact, this has to be carried out without fail in more culturally responsive commodity sectors, like that of food. Businesses specializing in sectors of information technology have got to be careful with the expenses of exploration(s) and advancement (Fiss Hirsch, 2005, p. 29). This falls under regular expertise that is utilized in many more markets and if the associated expenses are far above the ground then such costs have got to be met through trade in a lot of countries. Globalization will as well lead to a shift in the strategies of international businesses due to comparable client needs. This will definitely call for international client sections, being as a result of enhanced communication and movement. Strategies of businesses of such caliber have no choice but to take this into consideration. Globalization has led to and will keep enhancing the mutuality of markets. This is mainly as a consequence of the rivalry from similar firms in each key market. This means that marketing strategies of any venture in such set up(s) will have to grapple with this. In as much as there are rivalries for market(s), there have been seen emerging international organization strategies that all the time more treat the globe as one market. It has been observed that businesses that are doing good have taken advantage of this and thus, strategies will have to go this way even in future. With globalization comes transnational and multicultural administration. This has been a key challenge to businesses and their administrators. An international business set up is extra intricate with more variables, and thus becomes trickier to run (Globalization and business, 2010). Leadership strategies in international businesses will have to take this into consideration and draft guidelines that will ensure people from various countries and cultural backgrounds are able to work in harmony and achiev e set goals for prosperity. Conclusion As national boundaries become less essential, international businesses have all the chances for growth so long as they put in place strategies that will ensure they are ever on the rise. Consumers of various commodities and services are becoming more identical as the world develops. Bibliography Bhagwati, J. (2004). In Defense of Globalization. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Chapman, R. (2009). Culture wars: an encyclopedia of issues, viewpoints, and voices, Volume 1. 2009: M.E.Sharp. Fiss, Peer and Hirsch, Pal. (2005). The Discourse of Globalization: Framing and Sensemaking of an Emerging Concept. American Sociological Review, 2005. vol. 70 no 1: 29–52. Globalization and business (2010). Web. Gordon, P. (2004). Globalization: Europes Wary Embrace. Yale Global. Hanksworth John and Cookson, G. The World in 2050, Beyond the BRICs: a broader look at emerging market growth prospects. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. Web. Held, David. McGrew Anthony. (2001). â€Å"Globalization†, in The Oxford Companion to Politics of the World by Joel Krieger Oxford University Press.

Review of Sources Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Review of Sources Paper - Essay Example Petroleum and geosystem engineering seek to find safer ways of extracting this valuable source of energy so as to ensure future global energy security. Petroleum geologists and engineers get to estimate and provide a description of the hydrocarbon reservoirs while also focusing on ways of exploration. This field of engineering focuses on providing an explanation on the physical behavior of water, gas, and oil within porous rock at extremely high pressure. Literature under this field explain how petroleum engineers and geologists combine their efforts to understand how petroleum reservoirs get developed and depleted. The article ‘Abiogenic origin of hydrocarbons: An historical overview’ by Glasby (84) provides an explanation as to how hydrocarbons get formed by using two theories; the Thomas Gold theory and the Russio-Ukrainain theory of petroleum formations. The Thomas Gold theory provides a strong scientific base on the formation of hydrocarbons as it does not make weak assumptions or an unscientific approach like the biogenic theory of petroleum. The Russio-Ukranian theory explains the formation of hydrocarbons from methane and how they present themselves onto the earth’s crust (Glasby 90). ... The article falls short on defining the origin of oil under the theoretical categorization of organic and inorganic nature. The article postulates the common belief that oil got formed as terrestrial vegetation that got washed and deposited into the sea where they became incorporated into the earth’s crust and mantle. Other theories have explained the formation of oil as a naturally occurring earth pigment or due to the presence of hydrocarbons in meteorites. This article appears similar to ‘Abiogenic origin of hydrocarbons: An historical overview’ as they both fail to expound on the chemical processes such as oxidation, methane reactions, and thermionic development of oil from long hydrocarbon compounds. In his book ‘Geomechanics applied to the petroleum industry’, Nauroy (62) discusses on how designing an efficient drilling program is a vital step towards the development of a gas and or oil field. The author looks at the geomechanics of rock behavio r and how it is essential in the exploitation of hydrocarbons (Nauroy 112). The author focuses on detailing how geomechanics gets applied to the petroleum industry. The book provides an insight into the methods applied by petroleum engineers in their drilling and production process of oil. The book compares to that of ‘Petroleum engineering’ which looks at the need for understanding the evolving geological aspect concerned with the earth planet. By understanding the geological aspects of the planet, it helps to provide a better basis for understanding the process of mining and drilling of oil. The author discusses the origin of petroleum engineering by providing a detailed background of the earth’s geological

Inference paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Inference paper - Essay Example ormal intuition is the essential property of our sensibility by means of which alone objects are given to us, and if this sensibility represents not things in themselves but their appearances, then we shall easily comprehend†¦ that all external objects of our world of sense must necessarily coincide in the most rigorous way with the propositions of geometry.† Kant further claims that this epistemological conclusion implies that objects in space are only representations of human sensuous intuition, as well as that â€Å"Pure space is not at all a quality of things in themselves†. This paper will seek to expound on the meaning of Kant’s claim, as well as to offer rejection of this claim. Kant’s arguments are mainly aimed at encouraging an appreciation for the limitations of human knowledge. He argues that it is impossible to have any knowledge beyond the empirical, which means that for human minds, transcendental knowledge is not real but ideal. These constraints to transcendental knowledge, in turn, have two a priori sources, in which the mind possesses sensibility or receptive capacity and understanding or conceptual capacity. Kant notes that sensibility refers to the means through which human understanding accesses objects. He further argues that synthetic a priori judgment in mathematics and geometry is possible because space can be considered as an a priori type of sensibility, which means that the claims of mathematics can be known with a priori certainty only where this experience of objects is our experience’s necessary mode. In addition, Kant also argues that without the ability to represent objects spatially, it is not possible to experience them. In this case, without delineating the space that an object occupies, it is not possible to grasp it. Without spatial representation, human sensations would remain undifferentiated, which would make it impossible to ascribe specific objects with properties. Kant also argues that time is a necessary

History and Evolution of Leadership

History and Evolution of Leadership A leader. as always said, is born, not made, but leadership is certainly a continual evolution process of qualities like vision, commitment, discipline, trust, integrity, innovation, motivation, authority, dedication, humility, creativity etc., within leaders. Most of these qualities, if not all, in a leader contribute to the success of an organisation. For a reputed business school like Cardiff Business School, choosing a leader who can shape the aspirations enhancement of the institution to become ideal Business establishment is very vital. at the same time intricate. Choice of new Dean to replace Professor McNabb should be influenced inspired by the facts that how much the new Head is able to contribute towards the institutions achievement perform greatly in the new role. To evaluate this we need to have a brief idea about leadership theories performances. A look on the history of leadership finds that the literature on leadership performance can be broadly categorized into a number of important phases. (Ogbonna, 2000; Harris, 2000). Early studies on the leadership skills concentrated on identifying the personality traits which characterized successful leaders, and are known as ‘trait studies (Argyris, 1955; Mahoney et al., 1960). Trait theories assume that successful leaders are ‘born and that the leader has certain innate qualities which distinguish them from non-leaders (Stodgill, 1948). Ralf Stodgill reviewed hundreds of trait studies (1948, 1974, p.81) over a period of time, which can be summarized as the personality traits and other in-born qualities of the leader can be identified it is possible to select those individuals promote them into leadership positions, they then emerge to take power, regardless of the social organization or historical context. Another set of approach is ‘Set ‘Behavioural the ories. It summarises about the behaviour style that a leader chooses or adopts to solve problems. (Hemphill and Coons, 1957; Likert, 1961). Similarly the Viewpoint of theories like situational contingency is that leadership effectiveness is dependent on the leaders diagnosis understanding of situational factors, followed by the adoption of the appropriate style to deal with each circumstance. (Ogbonna, 2000; Harris, 2000). All the theories reviewed above illustrate that leader plays a very important role in the progress performance of the organisation. But if one critically evaluates the affect that a leader has on the organisation then, one can say that the decision a leader takes can sometimes be restrained by certain factors. Some people argue that constraints placed on leaders are due to situational factors. Although there have been few studies that have a direct bearing on this important issue, research on sports organisations has tended to support this argument. In practice however, this argument has rested heavily on the findings of just one major study that of Lieberson and OConnor (1972), which has become the most commonly cited evidence of this issue and which is widely regarded as the major counterpoint to the proposition that leadership makes a difference. (Thomas, 1988) One more key aspect to discuss here is that of sex differences in leadership, as our main concern is to look for the leader that can be Head of Cardiff Business School, we should not be biased to only one gender. Male leaders are rated as more effective conscientious then female leaders, but A Meta-analytic review of 17 studies examining sex differences in leadership indicates that male and female leaders exhibit equal amounts of initiating structure and consideration and have equally satisfied sub-ordinates. (Platz, 1986). More More women are becoming managers; this rise in trend is because of the federal implication which prohibits sex discrimination in employment. Despite this rise many individuals still believe that men are better leaders. (Bass, Krusell, Alexander, 1971; Bowman, Worthy, Greyser, 1965; Rosen Jerdee, 1978; Schein, 1973) there are some evidence to refute this argument indicating that men and women may differ in personality characteristics which affects the lea dership styles effectiveness. (Hoffman, 1972; Maier, 1970; Megargee, 1969; OLeary Depner, 1975; Templeton Morrow, 1972) Furthermore several studies have demonstrated that men and women differ in leadership behaviours also. (Bartal Butterfield, 1976; Petty Lee 1975)

The Atomic Bomb and Radiation Essay -- Weapons Health Science Papers

The Atomic Bomb and Radiation Radiation as a carcinogen was first established in December 1895 after Roentgen’s discovery of X-rays. In 1902, the first radiation induced cancer was reported emerging from an ulcerated area of the skin. By 1911, a large number of these such skin cancers were reported as well as the first report of leukemia occurring in five radiation workers (Little 2000). Following these discoveries, large-scale tumor induction studies were carried out in animal models over the following 30 years. These studies elucidated many of the general characteristics of radiation carcinogenesis. With the explosion of the atom bomb in Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, scientists were given the opportunity to examine the effects of radiation in a natural experiment that effected a broad range of subjects. The population of atomic bomb survivors represents a wide range of ages as well as both sexes, a group comparable to that of the general population. The Japanese atomic bomb survivor Life Span Study (LSS) cohort is the principal source of data used to estimate the risks of radiation-related cancer (Little et al 1999). In 1978, the original dose estimates were reassessed and now appear in a complete publication called the DS86-Dosimetry System 1986 ((Klaassen). The four main types of radiation are alpha particles, beta particles and positrons, gamma rays and x-rays. These atoms can decay through the loss of a positively or negatively charged electron. The release of excess energy from the nucleus, usually after an alpha, beta or positron transition results in gamma radiation. X-ray radiation is released whenever an inner-shell orbital electron is removed and a rearrangement of the remaining atomic electrons takes plac... ...of Radiation on Incidence of Primary Liver Cancer among Atomic Bomb Survivors Radiation Research 1999 152:364-373 Kai, m., Luebeck, E.G., Moolgavkar, S.H. Analysis of the Incidence of Solid Cancer among Atomic Bomb Survivors Using a Two-Stage Model of Carcinogenesis Radiation Research 1997 148:348-358 Klaassen, Cutris D. Casarett & Doull’s Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons Fifth Edition 1999 Little, J.B. Radiation carcinogenesis Carcinogenesis 21(3):397 Little, M.P., Muirhead, C.R., Haylock, R.G.E., Thomas, J.M. Relative Risks of radiation-associated cancer: comparison of second cancer in therapeutically irradiated populations with the Japanese atomic bomb survivors Radiat Environ Biophys 1999 38:267-283 Pierce, D.A., Mendelsohn, M.L. A Model for Radiation-Related Cancer Suggested by Atomic Bomb Survivor Data Radiation Research 1999 152:642-654

Legal & ethical Essay

This essay is based on a case scenario and will critically analyse the ethical dilemmas that health and social care practitioner’s encounter with regards to: implications of consent, disclosure of personal information and maintaining patient confidentiality. The legal aspects of the scenario will be discussed in relation to the breaching of confidentiality and how the Data Protection Act (1998) can conflict with other legislation intended to protect patient’s rights. In addition it will identify the consequences of non-disclosure in comparison to disclosure without consent, whilst adhering to the General Medical Council (GMC) guidelines. Finally it will explain the scenario from a utilitarian viewpoint as well as deontological perspective. Please refer to appendix for case study. In the case scenario, Dr Gomez’s patient Bob is diagnosed with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and has been advised to inform his partner Sue of his condition. Sue is seven months pregnant with their first child. However, on a subsequent visit to the clinic, Bob has indicated he has not notified his partner or previous sexual partners of his HIV status. Dr Gomez once again tries to persuade Bob to divulge his condition, he emphasises the importance of Sue being tested for HIV, and just as importantly the necessity to assess whether the baby is at risk. Meanwhile however, Bob is still adamant he will not notify Sue and says that if his HIV is disclosed to her without his consent he will discontinue his course of treatment, which he began on the previous visit. There are guidelines and legislation in place to assist the health and social care professional in making decisions. The law (GMC, 2001) states doctors are legally committed and duty bound to maintain their patient’s confidentiality. In this scenario the doctor is presented with both an ethical and legal dilemma. According to Sussex et al (2008) an ethical dilemma arises when there is no clear solution to a problem. The ethical dilemmas that Dr Gomez is concerned with are the wellbeing of Bob, Sue, the unborn child and Bob’s previous sexual partners and finally the legal dilemma is the possible breaching of Bob’s confidentiality by informing Sue of her partners HIV status. Gallant (2008) describes HIV as a virus which attacks the immune system, thus weakening the ability to fight infections and disease, eventually the body becomes incapable of fighting off infection and this is when the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) develops. Gallant goes on to say there is no cure for HIV however, if the condition is  detected in the early stage, there is available treatment which help the infected person live a longer life than they would without intervention. Kourtis and Bulterys (2010) declare HIV can be transmitted through unprotected sex and also from mother to unborn child. From that information it could be argued that if the doctor did not inform Bob’s partner of his condition then it could have serious health implications to her and the unborn child. Thorne & Newell (2005) suggest that if the mother was already infected the virus could be spread to the baby through several ways, such as; via the placenta, during a virginal birth or when breast feeding. The GMC (2001) states that confidentiality is an important duty but not absolute, and they further outline the behaviour expected by medical professionals. In addition they state personal information can be disclosed without consent in exceptional circumstances such as, when disclosure is of interest to the public because they or the patient may be at serious risk. The National Health Service Act (2006), section 251 (Legislation 2006) mirrors the GMC by stating that confidentiality can be breached when a healthcare professional makes the decision to protect others, this is re-enacted in section 60 (1b) of the Health and Social Care Act (2001) (Legislation 2001). In addition Aidsmap (2010) indicates the Health and Social Care Act (2008) made changes to the Public Health (Control of Disease) Act (1984) by adding Part 2A. The article goes on to say the updated Act introduced what is known as the ‘all hazards’ approach in relation to public health powers. This means instead of specifying in law a list of infections to which public health powers can be applied, any infection could be subject to public health powers if the infection ‘presents or could present significant harm to human health’ and if the infected person ‘might infect others’ [Part 2A section 45G]. This implies Dr Gomez has a duty to breach his patient’s confidentiality and inform Sue of Bob’s condition. However, these afore mentioned Acts infringe article 8 of the Human Rights Act (1998) (Legislation 1998) which states patients have the right to have ‘respect for private life and family life.’ Leading on from that; it is vital that health professionals are aware of their legal, ethical and professional position as Mason et al (2002) implies confidentiality is at the heart of the code of ethics for medicine. For these reasons it is imperative professionals working in this field are aware that article 8 of the Human Rights Act (1998) can be cancelled out by both the Data Protection Act (1998) (Legislation 2012) and the Public Interest Disclosure Act (1998) (Legislation 1998). Eckstein (2003) indicates that the Data Protection Act (1998) (Legislation 2012) gives guidance on the use and storage of confidential information and also states the circumstances when confidential information can be disclosed in order to protect others so long as the action of disclosure can be justified. The Medical Protection Society (2012) states a justifiable reason for breaching a patient’s confidentiality would be when a patient has a communicable disease and is in jeopardy of putting others at risk. Legislation is not the only factor which influences decision. Hepworth et al (2011) indicates that it is important that professional healthcare workers understand they could intentionally or unintentionally be prejudiced by their own ‘personal’ values. The Oxford Dictionary (2001) defines ‘value’ as: the worth, desirability or utility of a thing, or the qualities on which these depend. Therefore before making a decision on what to do, Dr Gomez will have to ensure that his ‘personal’ values will not influence his decision or more importantly conflict with his patient’s values or legislation. Clarke (2000) cited in Holland (2004) suggests a doctor may feel responsible for his patient refusing treatment if he discloses without permission, as the patient is his first priority and must come first. At the same time Dr Gomez could equally feel a conflict of responsibility towards Sue and her unborn child, firstly because if she is not told of the situation and then at a later date she and their child are diagnosed with HIV, it would mean that their HIV status may be more advanced with the prolonging of treatment. Secondly the child may well have not transmitted the condition if there had been an early prognosis. On the other hand if Bob discontinues with his treatment it could have devastating and irreversible effects. As reported by The AIDS Beacon (2011), consequences of interrupting or stopping treatments can have a detrimental effect. They indicate those who interrupt treatment are more prone to opportunistic infections as well as HIV related illnesses such as shingles, Candida infections, and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, than those who had no treatment interruptions. Furthermore, they conclude patients with treatment interruptions have a slightly higher HIV-related death rate compared to those with no interruptions. According to the GMC (2001), Dr Gomez is duty bound to respect Bob’s right to choice in refusing treatment. Jackson (2006) implies two of the most important core principles when working in medicine are obtaining consent and respecting the patient’s autonomy. Whilst Beauchamp and Childress (2001) describe autonomy as being akin to self-governance, for example being able to understand, reason, deliberate and have the capability to independently choose. To apply their definition to this situation Dr Gomez should once again try to persuade Bob to confide in Sue, whilst informing him of and ensuring he understands the risks he imposes to her, the unborn child and himself if he discontinues treatment, thus empowering Bob to act autonomously through understanding, taking responsibility and control of his situation. Beauchamp and Childress (2001) further argue that some people fail to self-govern in some situations because of restrictions caused by illness, depression or ignorance. If after giving all this information to Bob and he still refuses to confide in his partner, it could result in the forcing of the doctor to act in a paternalistic manner, meaning that he will have to make the decision for Bob. This according to Jackson (2006) would infringe on Bob’s right to autonomy. Leading on from this, it is equally important the doctor should explore the reasons as to why Bob does not want to disclose to Sue. According to The Free Dictionary (2009) to give consent to something; means that the patient must agree to the medical professional sharing their medical history. Research conducted by Cameron et al (2005) suggests that a person with HIV, reasoning for withholding consent could be due to the fear of rejection by their partner, they go on to imply that a HIV impaired person is not withholding out of maleficence but rather that the patient may be trying to balance deontology with utilitarianism. Bernat (2008) states, Kant was the founder of the modern school of deontology and he goes on to define deontology as an ethical theory that the morality of an action should be based on whether that action itself is right or wrong under a series of rules, rather than based on the consequences of the action. Kant believed that we should never tell a lie no matter what the consequences. According to Morrison (2009) critics of Kantianism argue that deontology is inflexible as it means that an action is either right or wrong, with no ambiguity whatsoever for example; lying is always wrong, even if the lie is to avoid hurting someone’s feelings. Ross (1994) cited in Littleton and Engebretson  (2002), argues that deontology is insufficient to guide all decision making in ethical situations. Mill (2009) believes that utilitarianism is when a morally right act has to bring about the greatest happiness for the majority of people. Though he did express that if an act was carried out for the purpose of good intent but later that act concluded with a negative impact then it would be deemed immoral. Both utilitarianism and deontology theories have strengths and weaknesses. Williams a critique of utilitarianism (Smart and Williams, 1998) argues that happiness is an emotion which cannot be quantified or measured and that utilitarianism means any action could be deemed moral in the pursuit of happiness such as genocide, torture and killing innocent people. Holland (2004) states that when balancing the rights and wrongs of a situation it is known as performing a utilitarianism calculation. This process is achieved by considering both utilitarianism and deontological perspectives when making an ethical decision. Morrison (2009) states that Kant believed a moral person is one who would be honest and considerate and therefore he would argue that the doctor would also be acting immorally by wanting to disclose to Sue and thus breaking Bob’s rights to confidentiality. Whereas from and utilitarian perspective Mill (2009) would argue that Dr Gomez should breach Bob’s rights in order to protect Sue and their unborn child as it could be argued that Dr Gomez would be doing this for the greater good of many. In addition if Dr Gomez did not inform Bob’s partner of his HIV condition then he would also be breaching the General Medical Councils guidance, as stated previously. This failure could then lead to Dr Gomez being disciplined, as he is duty bound as a doctor to protect others from serious communicable diseases, which is a justifiable reason for breaching the confidentiality of a patient (GMC 2001). At the same time it could be reasoned Bob does not want to disclose to Sue because of fear of discrimination. The Terence Higgins Trust website (2012) states that a 2010 survey revealed 66% of the public believed that there is still a stigma attached to HIV. The findings go on to say that a huge majority of discrimination is found within the National Health Service, encountered from the likes of healthcare workers, dentists, general practitioners and hospital staff. It continues by saying HIV prejudice can compromise personal relationships and that fear and isolation can lead the infected person to mental health issues such as depression. The website  goes on to express that these findings are supported by a 2012 study which highlighted one in four HIV infected people had a current depressive disorder. The article further goes on to suggest that legislation such as the Equality Act (2010) (Legislation 2010) gives people living with HIV protection against discrimination but also argues that it does not always stop injustices, and when discrimination occurs it can be expensive to take legal action, especially with the current government cutting back on the legal aid budget. When it comes to making a difficult decision it could be argued that health and social care workers need the support of colleagues. Doctor Gomez may which to seek advice to help guide him in the situation, and the medical practitioner under the GMC (2001) guidelines is within his rights to discuss the situation with a colleague so long as this is done anonymously when consent is not given. This means that in accordance with the Data Protection Act (1998) the name, date of birth, gender, address and contact detail should remain confidential. However, Dr Gomez still needs to protect his patient’s wishes to confidentiality even when consulting with another medical professional for example, Bob’s General Practitioner (GP). Although HIV is infectious it would not be deemed as putting the GP at unnecessary risk by not disclosing, as universal precautions, such as protective gloves, are in place to protect individuals from infection, this indicates that if the GP follows these precautions they will be safe from contracting the infection (GMC, 2001). As previously mentioned HIV can be spread from mother to unborn child, this is another important reason why either the doctor or Bob need to inform Sue, for both her and the child’s health and safety. Porter et al, 2003, cited in Thorne and Newell (2005) convey the findings of a 2003 study, which indicated that two million women became newly infected with HIV mainly through heterosexual transmission and that 630,000 children acquired the infection mostly through mother-to-child transmission in the same year. The article continues by stating that without antiretroviral therapy the median time between primary infection and the development of AIDS is approximately ten years, and AIDS to death around two years. Thorne and Newell (2005) further states and highlights that the use of antiretroviral therapy substantially delays the progression of HIV and are highly effective in reducing the transmission from mother-to-baby. In addition it also recommends the baby be delivered  via an elective caesarean section, before the onset of labour and membrane rupture, furthermore it advocates the use of formula feed rather than breast feeding. Finally, Thorne and Newell (2005) reveal that since 1999 all pregnant women are offered the option of being tested for HIV as part of their antenatal care, again this emphasises the need for Sue to be aware of her partners condition so as she can make an informed decision as to whether or not she should be tested. If Sue has not contracted HIV yet, she is still at great risk of doing so as HIV is spread through infected semen (NHS Choices, 2012), she and Bob may well be having unprotected intercourse due to her already being pregnant; as it is not necessary for them to use contraception to prevent an unplanned pregnancy. All this suggest Dr Gomez would be advised to take the utilitarian perspective in the case scenario, as there would be too many consequences for him if he took the deontological approach. He could not legally or morally justify non-disclosure. Finally, according to Rowe et al (2001), who carried out a study, on behalf of the World Health Organisation, in order to identify any inequalities within the treatment of patients, suggest it would be advisable for the local authorities to perform a Health Needs Assessment (HNA) of the local community. They explain the stages as a process which describes the health of the population, highlights major risk factors and causes of ill health and identifies the actions which are needed to address these issues. Rowe et al go on to recognise Bradshaw’s taxonomy of needs (Bradshaw 1972, cited in McLachlan 1972) they convey these needs as ‘normative’, for example the medical definition of HIV. The ‘felt need’, such as the need to have advice on having safe sex, the ‘expressed need’ for instance seeking advice about safe sex and finally the ‘comparative need’, offering a service that gives guidance on safe sex, only to those of a legal age. Rowe et al go on to argue that HNA is an important way of identifying inequalities within the local community. This essay has critically analysed the ethical aspects of a case scenario which was based on the breaching of patients confidentiality. It reflects on the importance of consent and disclosure of confidential information and in addition it presents a balanced argument for potential harm of non-disclosure to all parties involved. Furthermore it has discussed and critically analysed the principles of legislation such as the Data Protection Act 1998 and the conflicts that arise through other Acts, in  particular the Human Rights Act 1998 and the Equality Act 2010. Penultimately this essay discusses how the use of the utilitarian and deontological perspectives can help an individual to formulate a legal resolution. Finally the case scenario emphasises the necessity for codes of conduct and legislation in a health and social care setting. These are in place to guide the professional to act in an appropriate legal and ethical manner.

Puerto Rico Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus Based Education in Puerto Rico 2019

Students living in Puerto Rico have access to a variety of colleges and universities. Puerto Rico has been named the most developed nation in Latin America by the CIA Worldfact Book. Diverse career opportunities are available to graduates of Puerto Rico universities and colleges. Its sandy beaches and tropical climate are becoming prime work and study locations for students from all life situations. Top 5 Puerto Rico Industries Employ Graduates of Puerto Rico Colleges and Universities Puerto Rico is the most diversified and industrial economy in the Caribbean. Pharmaceutical, apparel, and electronics manufacturing have been important employment and income generators. Puerto Rico college graduates are finding career opportunities in the top 5 industries, including: Puerto Rico Government. Puerto Rico Trade, Transportation, and Utilities. Puerto Rico Manufacturing. Puerto Rico Professional and Business Services. Puerto Rico Educational and Health Services. Graduates of Puerto Rico Universities and Colleges have Best Opportunities in Puerto Rico Economy The Puerto Rico economy pales in comparison to the rest of the U.S. However, statistics are steadily improving and have made Puerto Rico one of the strongest economies in the Caribbean and Latin America. Puerto Rico university graduates have some of the best opportunities in an economy that boasts: The September, 2017 Puerto Rico unemployment rate was 9.1%, a decrease of 1.1% since July 2017. 1,269,500 people are employed in Puerto Rico. Tourism contributes $1.3 billion yearly to the Puerto Rico economy. .u06660f232062aeeed2684729418c4225 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u06660f232062aeeed2684729418c4225:active, .u06660f232062aeeed2684729418c4225:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u06660f232062aeeed2684729418c4225 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u06660f232062aeeed2684729418c4225 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u06660f232062aeeed2684729418c4225 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u06660f232062aeeed2684729418c4225:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ You and a Career in AdvertisingWorking Professionals and Single Parents have Convenient Access to Puerto Rico Colleges and Universities Nontraditional degree programs offered by Puerto Rico colleges and universities are helping working professionals and single parents achieve their educational goals. Unique online degree programs are now available in Puerto Rico through schools, such as: Kaplan University: Nursing Degrees, Criminal Justice Degrees, and Management Degrees. University of Phoenix: Nursing Degrees, Business Degrees, and Criminal Justice Degrees. Warren National University: Computer Science Degrees and Engineering Degrees. Capella University: Psychology Degrees and Nonprofit Agency Degrees. Prospective students may request additional information from any Puerto Rico school of choice by filling out this brief profile form. For an extensive list of Puerto Rico colleges and universities, students are encouraged to visit College-Pages.com, the leading education and career resource website. Related ArticlesNew Mexico Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus Based Education in New MexicoMaryland Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus-based Education in MarylandLets Thank IT For Our Health Care AdvancesThe American College of Healthcare ExecutivesWest Virginia Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus Based EducationDelaware Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus-based Education .u342b3b5a9bddc914d4a52865bf130b5b { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u342b3b5a9bddc914d4a52865bf130b5b:active, .u342b3b5a9bddc914d4a52865bf130b5b:hover { opac ity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u342b3b5a9bddc914d4a52865bf130b5b { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u342b3b5a9bddc914d4a52865bf130b5b .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u342b3b5a9bddc914d4a52865bf130b5b .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u342b3b5a9bddc914d4a52865bf130b5b:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ How to Dominate at the Job Fair